harðr
Old Norse
adj
Definitions
- hard
- hard, stern, severe
- hardy
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Germanic *harduz (hard, brave) derived from Proto-Indo-European *kert- (times, weave, twist together, time), *kret- (beat, move quickly, shake, hit, quick, strike).
Origin
Proto-Indo-European
*kret-
Gloss
beat, move quickly, shake, hit, quick, strike
Concept
Semantic Field
Quantity
Ontological Category
Action/Process
Emoji
💓 🥁 🥊 🪘 🫀
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- Richard English
- Medardus Latin
- cartilago Latin
- Hard German
- hart German
- -κρατία Ancient Greek
- Κράτης Ancient Greek
- Κράτιππος Ancient Greek
- Κρατύλος Ancient Greek
- Μενεκράτης Ancient Greek
- Ναύκρατις Ancient Greek
- Ξενοκράτης Ancient Greek
- Πολυκράτης Ancient Greek
- Τιμοκράτης Ancient Greek
- Φιλοκράτης Ancient Greek
- δημοκρατία Ancient Greek
- θεοκρατία Ancient Greek
- κράταιγος Ancient Greek
- κράτος Ancient Greek
- κρατέω Ancient Greek
- κραταιός Ancient Greek
- κρότος Ancient Greek
- κυρτία Ancient Greek
- Ἀμφικράτης Ancient Greek
- Ἀναξικράτης Ancient Greek
- Ἀντικράτης Ancient Greek
- ἐγκρατής Ancient Greek
- Ἐχεκράτης Ancient Greek
- Ἑρμοκράτης Ancient Greek
- ἱπποκρατία Ancient Greek
- Ἰσοκράτης Ancient Greek
- Ἰφικράτης Ancient Greek
- Ἱπποκράτης Ancient Greek
- *bʰelǵʰ- Proto-Indo-European
- *kert- Proto-Indo-European
- *kert-, *kret- Proto-Indo-European
- *kort-ús Proto-Indo-European
- *kret- Proto-Indo-European
- *krétus Proto-Indo-European
- *kr̥t- Proto-Indo-European
- beinhard Norwegian Bokmål
- hard Norwegian Bokmål
- harddisk Norwegian Bokmål
- hardhet Norwegian Bokmål
- hardkokt Norwegian Bokmål
- hardtslående Norwegian Bokmål
- *hardijaną Proto-Germanic
- *harduz Proto-Germanic
- *hardį̄ Proto-Germanic
- *hraþaz Proto-Germanic
- *hrindaną Proto-Germanic
- Rikard Swedish
- hård Swedish
- beinhard Norwegian Nynorsk
- bernhardinar Norwegian Nynorsk
- hard Norwegian Nynorsk
- harddisk Norwegian Nynorsk
- hardkokt Norwegian Nynorsk
- sanktbernhardshund Norwegian Nynorsk
- heard Old English
- heardheort Old English
- heardian Old English
- hearding Old English
- heardlice Old English
- hard Middle English
- harðleikr Old Norse
- herði Old Norse
- vaka Old Norse
- hård Danish
- hardi Old French
- harður Icelandic
- κράτος Greek (modern)
- Richard Cebuano
- hart Middle Dutch
- *hard Old High German
- hart Old High German
- harti Old High German
- Rikard Faroese
- harður Faroese
- hart Middle High German
- 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 Gothic
- 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹𐌶𐌰 Gothic
- 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐌱𐌰 Gothic
- 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌴𐌹 Gothic
- 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 Gothic
- *hard(ī) gmw-pro
- hart Old Dutch
- *hardas Proto-Finnic
- *kerta Proto-Finnic
- hard Old Saxon
- harþer Old Swedish
- *-hard Frankish
- *hardijan Frankish
- *hartjan Frankish
- glyw' Middle Persian
- Rikard Norwegian
- harth Old Danish
- *krēs- bat-pro