-ing
Middle English
/unɡ/, /inɡ/, /inɡ/
suffix
Definitions
- Forms gerunds from verbs, typically referring to the process of performing the verb, but also referring to the effect of the verb, what the verb affects, the capability or permission of performing the verb, or that which performs the verb.
- Forms collective nouns from verbs meaning "to utilise (a given thing)".
Etymology
Inherited from Old English -ing (belonging to, of the) inherited from Proto-Germanic *-ingō (-ing).
Origin
Proto-Germanic
*-ingō
Gloss
-ing
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- -ing English
- Allington English
- Krogering English
- astonish English
- dinucleating English
- double-jobbing English
- ex contractu English
- ex delicto English
- ex- English
- ex-directory English
- exolete English
- extenuating English
- exthorio English
- message English
- messenger English
- messengerial English
- messengerly English
- multimessenger English
- neuromessenger English
- nonmessenger English
- raven-messenger English
- tetranucleating English
- trinucleating English
- unsoiling English
- video gaming English
- *exaurare Latin
- *excadeo, *excadēre, *excadeō Latin
- *excadō Latin
- *excambiāre Latin
- *excambiō Latin
- *excampare Latin
- *excoāctiāre Latin
- *exfortiō Latin
- *exlītigāre Latin
- *expingere Latin
- *extaliō Latin
- *extroculāre Latin
- *exvellere Latin
- *exwardare Latin
- bis Latin
- cambiō Latin
- deex Latin
- ecce Latin
- ex Latin
- exaurare Latin
- excommūnicāre Latin
- excurare Latin
- exeligere Latin
- exinanio Latin
- exiuro Latin
- exos Latin
- expeiuro Latin
- sapio Latin
- wardare Latin
- -ing German
- ciarlare Italian
- esecutore Italian
- scipito Italian
- -ing French
- éployer French
- мессенджер Russian
- экспромт Russian
- -ing Spanish, Castilian
- ex- Spanish, Castilian
- expectorar Spanish, Castilian
- αὔρα Ancient Greek
- ἐκ Ancient Greek
- *eǵ- Proto-Indo-European
- *-ingō Proto-Germanic
- -ing Old English
- messengere Middle English
- -ing Old Norse
- esventail Old French
- res- Old French
- el Esperanto
- eks Serbo-Croatian
- екс Serbo-Croatian
- es- Catalan, Valencian
- esdevenir Catalan, Valencian
- ex Old Portuguese
- ing Chinese
- -unga Old Saxon
- -inge Old Frisian
- sbintari Sicilian
- scassari Sicilian
- scìpitu Sicilian
- spillonga Sicilian
- sputtusari Sicilian
- masinja Hausa