run
English
/ɹʌn/, /ɹʊn/
verb
Definitions
- To move swiftly.
- (fluids) To flow.
- (nautical) To sail before the wind, in distinction from reaching or sailing close-hauled.
- (transitive) To control or manage, be in charge of.
- (intransitive) To be a candidate in an election.
- (transitive) To make run in a race or an election.
- To exert continuous activity; to proceed.
- (intransitive) To be presented in the media.
- (transitive) To print or broadcast in the media.
- (transitive) To smuggle (illegal goods).
- (transitive) To sort through a large volume of produce in quality control.
- To extend or persist, statically or dynamically, through space or time.
- (transitive) To execute or carry out a plan, procedure or program.
- To pass or go quickly in thought or conversation.
- (copulative) To become different in a way mentioned (usually to become worse).
- (transitive) To cost a large amount of money.
- (intransitive) Of stitches or stitched clothing, to unravel.
- To pursue in thought; to carry in contemplation.
- To cause to enter; to thrust.
- To drive or force; to cause, or permit, to be driven.
- To cause to be drawn; to mark out; to indicate; to determine.
- To encounter or incur (a danger or risk).
- To put at hazard; to venture; to risk.
- To tease with sarcasms and ridicule.
- To sew (a seam) by passing the needle through material in a continuous line, generally taking a series of stitches on the needle at the same time.
- To control or have precedence in a card game.
- To be in form thus, as a combination of words.
- (archaic) To be popularly known; to be generally received.
- To have growth or development.
- To tend, as to an effect or consequence; to incline.
- To have a legal course; to be attached; to continue in force, effect, or operation; to follow; to go in company.
- To encounter or suffer (a particular, usually bad, fate or misfortune).
- (golf) To strike (the ball) in such a way as to cause it to run along the ground, as when approaching a hole.
- (video games) To speedrun.
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English runnen inherited from Old English rinnan (run) derived from Old Norse rinna (run) inherited from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (run, flow) derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (flow, move, boil, run, churn, stream).
Origin
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃reyH-
Gloss
flow, move, boil, run, churn, stream
Concept
Semantic Field
Motion
Ontological Category
Action/Process
Kanji
走
Emoji
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- Moon English
- about English
- ahead English
- antirunway English
- atren English
- atrin English
- autorun English
- away English
- back English
- baserunner English
- bladerunner English
- bob English
- bobrun English
- bookrunner English
- conrunner English
- dale English
- forerun English
- forerunner English
- free English
- freerun English
- frontrunner English
- gunrunner English
- holder English
- holding English
- in English
- inrun English
- interrun English
- intrarun English
- level English
- logrunner English
- midrun English
- mill English
- millrun English
- monkey English
- monkey run English
- moonrun English
- multirun English
- nonrun English
- nonrunnable English
- nonrunner English
- off English
- out English
- outrun English
- overrun English
- overrunner English
- overrunnest English
- overrunneth English
- pay English
- payrun English
- prerun English
- racerunner English
- rate English
- rerun English
- rerunnable English
- ridge English
- rin English
- roadrunner English
- rum-runner English
- rumrunner English
- run time English
- run-up English
- runabout English
- runahead English
- runaholic English
- runathon English
- runaway English
- runback English
- rundale English
- runholder English
- runholding English
- runless English
- runlessness English
- runlet English
- runlevel English
- runman English
- runnable English
- runned English
- runnel English
- runner English
- runnerless English
- runnest English
- runneth English
- runnily English
- runniness English
- runny English
- runoff English
- runout English
- runproof English
- runrate English
- runridge English
- runscorer English
- runway English
- runwaylike English
- scorer English
- showrunner English
- speed English
- speedrun English
- speedrunner English
- state English
- state-run English
- stonerunner English
- surface runoff English
- time English
- ultrarun English
- ultrarunner English
- underrun English
- unrun English
- unrunnable English
- up English
- uprun English
- way English
- ränni Finnish
- Autorennbahn German
- Rennofen German
- Rennrad German
- Speedrun German
- nachrennen German
- rennen German
- wegrennen German
- runner Italian
- aanrennen Dutch, Flemish
- berennen Dutch, Flemish
- paardenrennen Dutch, Flemish
- rendier Dutch, Flemish
- renkoekoek Dutch, Flemish
- rennen Dutch, Flemish
- renner Dutch, Flemish
- renpaard Dutch, Flemish
- runnen Dutch, Flemish
- stierenrennen Dutch, Flemish
- wielrennen Dutch, Flemish
- wielrenner Dutch, Flemish
- Rhin French
- runner Spanish, Castilian
- *h₃reyH- Proto-Indo-European
- *h₃rinéHti Proto-Indo-European
- *Rīnaz Proto-Germanic
- *rannijǭ Proto-Germanic
- *rinnaną Proto-Germanic
- ränna Swedish
- gerinnan Old English
- rinnan Old English
- ऋणोति Sanskrit
- रिणाति Sanskrit
- atrennen Middle English
- atrinnen Middle English
- forarnen Middle English
- rennen Middle English
- rennere Middle English
- rinnen Middle English
- runel Middle English
- runnen Middle English
- raust Old Norse
- renna Old Norse
- rinna Old Norse
- rinna, rinna (renna) Old Norse
- oprinde Danish
- rende Danish
- rinde Danish
- tagrende Danish
- *rojь Proto-Slavic
- *rìnǫti Proto-Slavic
- *rędъ Proto-Slavic
- *rěka Proto-Slavic
- ranvej Czech
- runway Czech
- renna Icelandic
- rennibekkur Icelandic
- rennibraut Icelandic
- रन Hindi
- rennen Middle Dutch
- rinnen Middle Dutch
- rennan Old High German
- rinnan Old High German
- rend Albanian
- 𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 Gothic
- *rinnan Old Dutch
- rinnan Old Dutch
- *Reinos Proto-Celtic
- renne Middle Low German
- rinnan Old Saxon
- rinna Old Swedish
- rinn Westrobothnian
- *HrináHti Proto-Indo-Aryan
- *Hr̥náwti Proto-Indo-Aryan
- rinne Western Frisian
- renna Old Frisian
- rinna Old Frisian
- ran Tok Pisin
- rinnæ Old Danish
- lon Sranan Tongo
- *Rēnos Gaulish
- rinna Elfdalian
- up
- in
- out
- way
- off
- rin
- bob
- pay
- away
- mill
- free
- time
- back
- Moon
- dale
- rate
- atren
- ahead
- uprun
- about
- state
- unrun
- speed
- atrin
- ridge
- level
- inrun
- runny
- rerun
- holder
- nonrun
- scorer
- payrun
- runout
- runoff
- outrun
- runner
- runman
- monkey
- run-up
- runlet
- bobrun
- runway
- runned
- runnel
- prerun
- midrun
- overrun
- millrun
- runaway
- forerun
- rundale
- runrate
- runnest
- runless
- runnily
- autorun
- holding
- runback
- moonrun
- freerun
- runneth
- speedrun
- underrun
- runnable
- intrarun
- interrun
- runathon
- multirun
- runabout
- runahead
- runridge
- run time
- runlevel
- ultrarun
- runproof
- runniness
- conrunner
- logrunner
- nonrunner
- runscorer
- gunrunner
- runaholic
- runholder
- state-run
- rumrunner
- antirunway
- runholding
- rum-runner
- overrunner
- baserunner
- monkey run
- runwaylike
- roadrunner
- racerunner
- rerunnable
- runnerless
- unrunnable
- forerunner
- bookrunner
- showrunner
- frontrunner
- runlessness
- overrunneth
- nonrunnable
- stonerunner
- bladerunner
- speedrunner
- ultrarunner
- overrunnest
- surface runoff