churl

English

/tʃəːl/, /tʃɜɹl/

noun
Definitions
  • A rustic; a countryman or labourer; a free peasant (as opposed to a serf).
  • A rough, surly, ill-bred person; a boor.
  • A selfish miser; an illiberal person; a niggard.
  • (Theodism) A freedman, ranked below a thane but above a thrall.

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English churl inherited from Old English ċeorl (peasant, a hero, male person, a man of inferior class, commoner, husbandman, a churl, a countryman, man, a freeman of the lowest class, layman, husband, rustic) inherited from Proto-Germanic *karilaz (elder, man) derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (grow old, mature, old, grown-up).

Origin

Proto-Indo-European

*ǵerh₂-

Gloss

grow old, mature, old, grown-up

Concept
Semantic Field

Time

Ontological Category

Other

Kanji

古, 老

Emoji
🏚️ 🏛️ 👴 👵 💻️ 💽 💾 📜 🗝️ 🦳 🧓

Timeline

Distribution of cognates by language

Geogrpahic distribution of cognates

Cognates and derived terms