bruise
English
/bɹuːz/
verb
Definitions
- (transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it.
- (transitive) To damage the skin of (fruit or vegetables), in an analogous way.
- (intransitive) Of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises through being handled roughly.
- (intransitive) To become bruised.
- (intransitive) To fight with the fists; to box.
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English bruisen derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (swell, blow, inflate, break, sprout) inherited from Old English brȳsan inherited from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną (crack, crackle, break, break apart) derived from bruiser derived from Gaulish *brus- derived from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (break) root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (swell, blow, inflate, break, sprout).
Origin
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰrews-
Gloss
swell, blow, inflate, break, sprout
Concept
Semantic Field
Basic actions and technology
Ontological Category
Action/Process
Emoji
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- bruisability English
- bruisable English
- bruisably English
- bruiseless English
- bruiselessness English
- bruiselike English
- bruiser English
- bruisest English
- bruisewort English
- bruisy English
- forbruise English
- frustum English
- tobruise English
- unbruisable English
- wort English
- *frustiare Latin
- *frustiō Latin
- bruscum Latin
- frustulentus Latin
- frustum Latin
- Brosame German
- brausen German
- frusto Italian
- broos Dutch, Flemish
- broosheid Dutch, Flemish
- *bʰrewd- Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰrews- Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰrus-tós Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰruto- Proto-Indo-European
- *brausijaną Proto-Germanic
- *breuskiz Proto-Germanic
- *breustą Proto-Germanic
- *briuskiz Proto-Germanic
- *brustiz Proto-Germanic
- *brusts Proto-Germanic
- *brūsijaną Proto-Germanic
- brysan Old English
- brȳsan Old English
- bruisen Middle English
- forbrusen Middle English
- tobrusen Middle English
- broosc Middle Dutch
- *brūsen Old High German
- brosem Middle High German
- brūsen Middle High German
- breshër Albanian
- *bruseti Proto-Celtic
- *frustom Proto-Italic
- bruiser xno
- *brauša Proto-Albanian
- *brus- Gaulish